People with prediabetes are, however, at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, although they do not usually experience the symptoms of full diabetes.
If a doctor identifies that a person has prediabetes, they will recommend that the individual makes healthful changes that can ideally stop the progression to type 2 diabetes. Losing weight and having a more healthful diet can often help prevent the disease. Doctors do not know the exact causes of type I diabetes. Type 2 diabetes, also known as insulin resistance , has clearer causes. Insulin resistance is usually a result of the following cycle:.
In the case of type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance takes place gradually. This is why doctors often recommend making lifestyle changes in an attempt to slow or reverse this cycle. Learn more about the function of insulin by clicking here. A healthy diet can help prevent, reverse, or manage diabetes. If a doctor diagnoses a person with type 2 diabetes, they will often recommend making lifestyle changes to support weight loss and overall health.
A doctor may refer a person with diabetes or prediabetes to a nutritionist. A specialist can help a person with diabetes lead an active, balanced lifestyle and manage the condition. People can also take steps to reduce their body mass index BMI , which can help some people with type 2 diabetes manage the condition without medication. People with type I diabetes and some people with type 2 diabetes may need to inject or inhale insulin to keep their blood sugar levels from becoming too high.
Various types of insulin are available, and most are grouped by how long their effect lasts. There are rapid, regular, intermediate, and long-acting insulins. Some people will use a long-acting insulin injection to maintain consistently low blood sugar levels.
Some people may use short-acting insulin or a combination of insulin types. Whatever the type, a person will usually check their blood glucose levels using a fingerstick. This method of checking blood sugar levels involves using a special, portable machine called a glucometer. A person with type I diabetes will then use the reading of their blood sugar level to determine how much insulin they need.
Self-monitoring is the only way a person can find out their blood sugar levels. Assuming the level from any physical symptoms that occur may be dangerous unless a person suspects extremely low glucose and thinks they need a rapid dose of glucose.
The discovery of insulin was fascinating and controversial. Click here to learn more. Insulin helps people with diabetes live an active lifestyle. However, it can lead to serious side effects, especially if a person administers too much. Excessive insulin can cause hypoglycemia , or extremely low blood sugar, and lead to nausea, sweating, and shaking.
It is essential that people measure insulin carefully and eat a consistent diet that balances blood sugar levels as much as possible. In addition to insulin, other types of medication are available that can help a person to manage their condition.
As well as diabetes, a person may also have other health risks, and they may need medication to control these. A doctor will advise the individual about their needs. In , new guidelines also recommended prescribing additional drugs for people with:. For those with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and a high risk of heart failure , the guidelines advise doctors to prescribe an SGLT2 inhibitor.
GLP-1 receptor agonists work by increasing the amount of insulin the body produces and decreasing the amount of glucose that enters the bloodstream. In some cases, changing your diet may be enough to control the disease.
Your blood sugar level rises or falls based on the types of foods you eat. Starchy or sugary foods make blood sugar levels rise rapidly. Protein and fat cause more gradual increases. Your medical team may recommend that you limit the amount of carbohydrates you eat each day. Work with a dietitian who can help you design a diabetes meal plan.
Getting the right balance of protein, fat, and carbs can help you control your blood sugar. Check out this guide to starting a type 1 diabetes diet. Eating the right types of foods can both control your blood sugar and help you lose any excess weight. Carb counting is an important part of eating for type 2 diabetes.
A dietitian can help you figure out how many grams of carbohydrates to eat at each meal. In order to keep your blood sugar levels steady, try to eat small meals throughout the day. Emphasize healthy foods such as:. Certain other foods can undermine efforts to keep your blood sugar in control.
Discover the foods you should avoid if you have diabetes. Eating a well-balanced diet is important for both you and your baby during these nine months.
Making the right food choices can also help you avoid diabetes medications. Watch your portion sizes, and limit sugary or salty foods. Although you need some sugar to feed your growing baby, you should avoid eating too much. Consider making an eating plan with the help of a dietitian or nutritionist. Anyone who has symptoms of diabetes or is at risk for the disease should be tested.
Women are routinely tested for gestational diabetes during their second or third trimesters of pregnancy. Doctors use these blood tests to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes:. To diagnose gestational diabetes , your doctor will test your blood sugar levels between the 24th and 28th weeks of your pregnancy. The earlier you get diagnosed with diabetes, the sooner you can start treatment.
Find out whether you should get tested, and get more information on tests your doctor might perform. Yet many other diabetes risk factors are controllable. Most diabetes prevention strategies involve making simple adjustments to your diet and fitness routine. Discover more strategies that may help you avoid this chronic disease. Hormones produced by the placenta can make your body more resistant to the effects of insulin.
Some women who had diabetes before they conceived carry it with them into pregnancy. This is called pre-gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes should go away after you deliver, but it does significantly increase your risk for getting diabetes later. About half of women with gestational diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes within 5 to 10 years of delivery, according to the International Diabetes Federation IDF. Having diabetes during your pregnancy can also lead to complications for your newborn, such as jaundice or breathing problems.
Find out more about the effect of diabetes on pregnancy. Children can get both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Controlling blood sugar is especially important in young people, because the disease can damage important organs such as the heart and kidneys.
The autoimmune form of diabetes often starts in childhood. One of the main symptoms is increased urination. Extreme thirst, fatigue, and hunger are also signs of the condition. The disease can cause high blood sugar and dehydration , which can be medical emergencies.
Now that more children are overweight or obese , type 2 diabetes is becoming more common in this age group. The disease is often diagnosed during a physical exam. Untreated type 2 diabetes can cause lifelong complications, including heart disease, kidney disease, and blindness. Healthy eating and exercise can help your child manage their blood sugar and prevent these problems.
Diabetes affects the circulation to your feet and the tiny blood vessels in your eyes. If your eye doctor or your foot doctor suspects you have diabetes, they will recommend you see your regular physician for a blood sugar level test.
The most common test is a fasting blood glucose test. After not eating for at least eight hours, usually overnight, your doctor will take a blood sample.
See your doctor so he or she can perform tests to determine whether or not you have diabetes or prediabetes. Your doctor will make recommendations to bring down your blood sugar level to treat diabetes or so that you can delay the development of Type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Care Jan; 41 Supplement 1. CDC Diabetes - Prevalence. Find out how you can partner with your nephrologist, gain emotional support and continue to live well after a kidney disease diagnosis. From kidney disease basics to treatment options and patient stories, watch videos that will help you learn more about kidney disease. Download Now. Take control of your kidney health.
Attend a no-cost virtual class online or via telephone from the comfort of home , or find an in-person class where available. What is diabetes? What is Type 1 diabetes? What is Type 2 diabetes? Are there other forms of diabetes? What causes diabetes? How does diabetes affect my body? What are the symptoms of diabetes?
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